成考 英语 考点知识归纳【2】

英语具体题型如下表所示：

英语科目是大部分考生觉得非常头疼的一门。基础薄弱，单词量不足的大有人在。150，选择题共125分，占了83%。所以的一个科目，因为选择题多，即使不会做，考试选择题做满，不要空题，按照概率也能拿到30-40分。根据对历史试卷分析，历年来大部分英语作文考的是写信，词数量是80-100个单词，学员只需要按我们教学指定的模板进行背诵，即可拿下15分以上，综上所述，以上。考点知识1语音开音节1. 以不发音的元音字母e结尾。例如： mike, same,gate2. 以辅音+发音的元音字母结尾。例如：she, me, so开音节的读音规则：元音字母在开音节中一般读它的字母音。闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾，而又只包含一个元音字母的音节称为闭音节，如：at, but, am, back等。闭音节的读音规则：元音字母在闭音节中读所规定的短元音。a/ae/      e/e/        i（y）/i/        o/?/      u/?/或/u/元音字母的读音元音字母在非重读音节中的读音1) a读作/?/    again /??gen/    ago/??g??/              vacation /v??ke??n/    woman/?w?m?n/        breakfast/?brekf?s/a+辅音字母+无声字母e，读/i/village/?v?l?d? /   comrade/?k?mre?d/        palace/?p?lis/2) e读作 /?/ 或 /i/    excellent /?eks?l?nt/  silent/?sail?nt/          open/???p?n/exam/ig?z?m/    sentence/?sent?ns/   problem/?pr?bl?m/decide/di?said/e在前缀和后缀中读/i/    behind/bi?haind/   wanted/?w?ntid/   actress/??ktris/    exam/ig?z?m/    decide/di?sai?d/   repeat/ri?pi:t/3) i（y）读作/i/或/ai/lily /?lili/     city/?siti/     satisfy/?s?tisfai/  4)o读作/?/ 或/?/bottom/?b?t?m/   common/?k?m?n/   second/?sek?nd/  o 在词尾的非重读音节中常读/?u/radio/?reidi??/   potato /p??teit??/   piano/pi??n??/     5)u读作/?/ ，/ju/autumn /??:t?m/   support/s??p?:t/   occupy/??kjupa?/其他常见字母组合在非重读音节中的读音-tion ,-sion ,-ssion 读作/?n/ 或/??n/production/pr??d?k?n/  section/?sek?n/   nation/?nei?n/version/?v?:?n/   impression/im?pre?n/常见元音字母组合的读音ar 读作 /ɑ:/  如:  car/kɑ?/  hard/hɑ?d/  park/pɑ?k/or 读作/?:/  如:  horse/h?:s/  sport/sp?:t/  north/n?:θ/er，ir，ur均读作/ ?:/  如:  term/t?:m/  shirt/??:t/  burn/b?:n/ee 读作/i:/  如:   feel/fi:l/  sleep/sli:p/  see/si:/ea  读作/i:/  如:  meat/mi:t/  peace/pi:s/  clean/kli:n/ei ，ie 读作/i:/  如:  field/fi:ld/  deceive/di?si:v/  piece/pi:s/ear  读作/i?/ 或 /??/(/i?/  tear /ti?/  hear/hi?(r)/  year/ji?(r)/)( /??/  wear/we?(r）/  bear/be?(r)/   pear/pe?(r)/   )ear后有辅音时读作：/ ?:/   （learn/l?:n/  early/??:li]/）ew, eu 读作：/ju:/  new/nju:/   few/fju:/feudal/?fju:dl/  neutral/?nju:tr?l/au , augh, aw 读作/?：/  cause/k?:z/   daughter/?d?:t?(r)/  saw/s?:/ig,  igh  读作 /ai/  bright/brait/   high/hai/  sign/sain/ ai , ay 读作 /ei/  play/plei/  way/wei/  main/mein/ind  读作/aind/  mind/maind/  kind/kaind/  find/faind/ou 读作/au/ 或 /?/  house/ha?s/  about/??ba?t/  sound/sa?nd/al 读作/?：/   或 /?：l/  talk/t?:k/  walk/w?:k/  ball/b?:l/oi, oy  读作/?i/  voice/v?is/  point/p?int/  joy/d??i/ia , ie, io 读作/ai?/  dialogue/"dai?l?ɡ/  quiet/?kwai?t/  violence/?vai?l?ns/oo 读作/u:/ ，有时也读作/u/  food/fu:d/  school/sku:l/  good/g?d/oo 后面为K时，读作/u/  book/b?k/  look/l?k/oor,  oar 读作 /?：/  board/b?:d/  floor/fl?:(r)/  door/d?:(r)/oa 读作 /?u/  road/r??d/  coat/k??t/  load/l??d/ow 读作 /au/ 或 /?u/  know/n??/  grow/gr??/  now/na?/our 读作 /?：/ 或 /au?/  pour/p?:(r)/  course/k?:s/  our/a?? /ough 读作  /?：/  bought/b?:t/  thought/θ?:t/owe 读作/au?/ flower/?fla??(r)/  power/?pa??(r)/  tower/?ta??(r)/字母在单词中不发音的规则,一般有下列14条：1.字母b在字母t之前如：debt [det]  （欠债）2.字母b在字母m之后如：comb [k??m]  （梳子）3.字母c在字母s之后如：muscle [?m?sl] （肌肉）4.字母d在词尾-dge中如：bridge [br?d?] （桥）5.字母g在字母n之前如：sign [sain]  （标记）6.字母gh在t之前如：fight [fait]  （打）7.字母h在r之后如：rhythem ["r?e?m]  （节奏）8.字母h在词首ex-之后如：exhibition [eksi"bi∫n] （展览会）9.字母h在词首gh中如：ghost [g??st]  （鬼）10.字母k在字母n之前如：knee [ni:]  （膝）11.字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中如：talk [t?:k]  （谈话）half [ha：f]  （一半）calm [ka：m] （平静）could [kud]  （能）12.字母n在词尾-mn中如：autumn [??:t?m] （秋天）13.字母t在词尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中如：listen [" lisn]  （听）castle ["ka:sl]  （城堡）soften [?s?fn]  （软化）14.字母w在字母r之前如：wrong [r??]  （错）历年真题：考查元音字母在单词中的发音1. A.penalty       B.moment  C.quarrel         D.absent  (  A  )2. A.sympathy      B.material  C.courage        D.analysis  (  C  )3. A.vital          B.silent  C.collide         D.fierce  (  D  )4. A.uncle       B.product  C.rural         D.ugly       (  C  )5. A.actress        B.business      C.excess           D.endless        (  C  )6. A.land           B.lamb          C.father           D.ladder         (  C  ) 考查元音字母组合在单词中的发音1. A. taught       B.caught       C.laugh          D.fault     (  C  )2. A. measure       B.deadline      C.heat        D.feather    (  C  )3. A.sweat          B.please        C.beat              D.meat          (  A  )4. A.rescueB.leagueC.pursueD.argue(  B  ) 考查辅音字母在单词中的发音1. A.revise      B.consist  C. advertise      D.visit      (  B  )2. A. reception     B.receipt  C.capture       D.concept    (  B  )3. A.combination    B.climbing       C.bamboo            D.ambition      (  B ) 考查其他字母组合的发音1. A. donkey      B.turkey  C.money        D.obey    (  D  )2. A.starvation  B.suggestion C.satisfaction  D.situation  (  B  )3. A.slow           B.shower  C.flower        D.how     (  A  )4. A.captainB.sustain C.containD.retain(  A  )5. A.challenge      B.cheap         C.choose            D.character     (  D  )考点知识2名词一、名词的意义和分类名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词，如：desk, computer, sky, pen等名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词是指具体的人、事物、地点或机构的专有名称，如China, New York等。普通名词是指表示某类人或某类事物的名称。普通名词又分为：

 二、名词的数（一）名词分两类：1.可数名词（countable  noun）能用数目计算的事物和概念的名词  如：desk       book          computer          apple2.不可数名词（uncountable noun）不能用数目计算的事物或者抽象概念的名词water          rain          sunshine          coffee（二）可数名词有单数和复数之分：apple-applespencil-pencilstomato-tomatoes不可数名词，无复数，只用单数表示salt-saltcoffee-coffeewater-water（三）名词变复数的规则：1.一般末尾加上后缀-sgirl-girls         friend-friends2.以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后缀-esbus→buses   quiz→quizzes(小型考试)  fox→foxes  match→matches  flash→flashes3.辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加-escandy-candies   factory-factories4.以-o结尾的名词，加-estomato-tomatoes  hero-heroes       potato-potatoes但是，如果-o结尾的这个名词是属于外来词，则直接加-sphoto-photos   piano-pianos  radio-radios5.以f或fe 结尾的名词，一般要把“f ”或者”fe”变v，再加-eslife-lives    leaf-leaves   wife-wives6.少数不规则的名词变化形式man-men     woman-women   foot-feet   tooth-teeth（四）可数名词前可加a(an)或量词apple-an      apple- apples-a   box  of  applestomato-a       tomato-tomatoes-a   bag  of  tomatoes不可数名词前不可加a(an)，没有复数，但前面可以加量词coffee-a   cup  of  coffee英语中常用”of“词组来表示数量。of 前面表示数量的名词，根据情况用单数或者复数。of 后面如是不可数名词，用单数；如是可数名词，用复数a  cup  of  tea                      two  glasses  of  milk three  basket of  apples               one  box  of  eggs考点知识3冠词（一）不定冠词不定冠词有两种形式：a 和 ana 用于辅音（不一定是辅音字母）开头的名词前，如：a teacher/university/housean 用于元音（不一定是元音字母）开头的名词前，如：an apple/hour/egg/orange 不定冠词的用法：1.表示某类人或事物当中的一个，如：Her brother is a college student.2.表示数量：即表示数量“一”，如：A year is divided into twelve months.3.表示同一性，说明事物的同一特征，大小，程度或性质。如：This hat and that one are of a shape.4.指事物的单位，相当于every  any, 如：She kept on writing to her parents once a month. 不定冠词的常见词组搭配：a lot of ;  a good many ; as a result; as a matter of fact  定冠词the 的常见用法：1. 特指某人或某物时(1)特指上文已提过的人或物。如：He came across an old friend in a shop. The friend was now a general manager.(2)特指双方都知道的人或物。如： Did you park the car at the corner?(3) 特指形容词*高级、比较级所修饰的某个确定的人或物。如： He chose the bigger orange, but she chose the smallest one.2.世界上的名词及乐器名词前。如：The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.Do you like to play the piano or the violin?3. the +形容词，表示一类人或物。如：the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the sick.如：He stole from the rich to give to the poor. 4. the +姓氏s，表示一家人或一对夫妇。如：the Greens, the  Smiths ,the Zhangs, the Curies(居里夫妇). 零冠词的用法：1.用在、球类运动或游戏名称前：English is learned in most high school.They enjoy playing basketball in the afternoon.The old are playing chess under the tree. 2.一日三餐前(但如其前后有形容词或从句、短语修饰时，应加冠词)We usually go to school after breakfast at seven. （比较：How do you like the dinner Mr.Jack prepared?） 3.星期、月份、季节、节日等名词前（但月份、季节等词前后如有限制性定语修饰表示特定时间时，其前加the）Today is Wednesday.October 1 is National Day.考点知识4代词代词：代替人或事物的名词人称代词： 主格代词：I, he, she,it,you,we,they1. I am a teacher.2.He is a teacher.3.You are teachers. 宾格代词：me,him,her,it,you,us,them(放在动词后面做宾语)1.He likes me.2.We like her.3.I like them. 反身代词：单数形式：myself,    yourself,    herself,  himself, itself复数形式：yourselves, ourselves,  themselves 反身代词用法：1. Please help yourself to some fish .(宾语)2.We enjoyed ourselves last night.（宾语）3.The thing itself is not important.（同位语） 指示代词：标识人或事物的代词。用来代替前面已经提到过的名词。this(these)                 that(those)This is my book.Those books  were his.不定代词：指代不确认的人或事物 常用的指示代词：one, the other, some, any,  something, nothing.No one knows where he is. Some of the boys want to go to Shanghai, but the others want to go to xi"an.Each of the students has got a book.咨询请联系客服或校区老师