LSAT写作完全指南：虽然不计分，但也不能忽视，带你了解新版LSAT写作的各种常见问题！

对于许多有志于进入美国法学院的学生来说，LSAT是通往梦想院校的重要关卡。在备考过程中，大家的主要精力都放在LR\RC两部分的提升上，这一点并没错，但是也应该拨出一些时间来了解下LSAT写作。尽管写作部分不计入总分，但它却是法学院评估申请人逻辑表达与论证能力的重要参考。那么，LSAT写作究竟考查什么？考试时需要有哪些注意事项？本文将为你揭开LSAT写作的神秘面纱，帮助你在这一环节脱颖而出。

》》新版LSAT写作发生的变动1.写作结构变化过去那种在两个解决方案之间进行选择并根据 LSAC 提供的标准进行辩论的日子已经成为过去式。新版LSAT写作部分，LSAC认为与其选择一个问题的解决方案，不如你围绕现实世界中的一个有争议的话题建立一个论点。你会得到问题的简要概述、辩论中的关键问题和四种不同的观点。你的任务是构建一个回答关键问题的论点。如果你觉得这个任务有些模糊，那正是它的特点。你可以自由选择论点，只要它能回答关键问题并涉及至少一个观点。你可以结合自己的经验、价值观或对观点的评价。2.时间不同鉴于额外的阅读和分析要求，LSAC将给予考生50分钟来完成本部分。比之前的35分钟多了15分钟。注意，你并不能把全部时间都用来写作。因为在预写至少5分钟之后，屏幕上的“Start Essay Button”才能使用。因此，您*多可以用15分钟预写，使用他们的电子草稿纸收集你的想法。无论你用了多长时间去预写，正式写作时间只有35分钟。时间结束时，写作样本将会自动提交。如果你在时间结束之前完成写作，可以选择“Submit”，然后按照屏幕上出现的指示进行操作。》》写作部分为什么会进行改革？更新写作部分意味着它将成为招生过程中更有效的工具。它可以更好地评估申请者的议论文技巧，而不仅仅是一种获取LSAT分数的形式。LSAC也强调说:“这些变化将帮助学校为了他们的录取决定更好地了解申请人的写作能力……当考生有机会根据自己的判断和分析评估构建一个原创论文并为其辩护，而不是遵循预先设定的推理路线时，我们可以更好地评估写作者参与的更广泛和更复杂的决策技能。"写作部分的新结构更类似于你将在法学院面临的作业和考试。作为一名法律系学生，你很少会面对只有两种选择并且给你辩论标准的情况。相反，你将被要求根据你所掌握的课堂材料得出自己的结论——就像根据LSAC给你的观点起草一个论点一样。因此，这种新的结构在预测法学院的成功方面为招生团队和学生提供了更多的价值。》》如何完成新版LSAT写作？对于要参加新版LSAT写作的同学，我们有以下几点建议：1.在正式考试前完成一个练习部分 像旧版写作部分一样，熟悉新格式是非常重要的。因为新版LSAT写作依然是不计分的部分，所以不用过于焦虑也不用过度联系。使用示例题在限时条件下进行一到两次练习就足够了，这样可以为你正式考试做好准备。2.充分利用预写时间 无论你用多少预写时间，你仍然只有 35 分钟来写文章。因此，花费全部 15 分钟来彻底阅读材料并列出你的想法，将有助于确保你的写作尽可能有条理。写作部分主要考察的是以下几个方面——清晰地陈述你的立场，并分析该立场与一个或多个其他观点之间的关系。 用推理和例子来提出和支持观点。 因此，花这 15 分钟来提出你的论点，思考论据和反驳论据，并列出每段的主题及其相应的证据。 3. 根据 LSAC 的要求来构建你的文章这就涉及到文章的结构。我们的预写大纲应该是什么样子呢？让我们看看 LSAC 认为一篇强有力的文章应该具备哪些特点：这个写作练习不需要或预期专业背景知识。你写得好比你写得多重要得多。强有力的文章应该是:清楚地陈述你的论点通过将具体的例子与你的整体论文联系起来，并通过清晰的推理解释它们与论文的相关性，从而在整篇论文中发展你的论文解决论文立场的复杂性和含义（例如，通过识别和解决一个或多个潜在的反驳论点）你的论文应该展示你的能力:清楚地陈述对该问题的立场，并分析该立场与一个或多个其他观点之间的关系用推理和例子发展和支持想法清晰而有逻辑地组织想法使用清晰有效的语言交流想法因此，我们建议写一篇 4-5 段的文章，就像以前的写作部分一样。虽然没有固定的文章结构，但可以考虑以下示例 LSAT 写作大纲作为起点：LSAT 写作范围大纲（1）介绍陈述你的论点。 解释任何必要的背景信息。 保持简短：1-2 句即可。 （2）正面论点 提出 1-3 个*有力的支持你论点的论据。这里你应该引入来自不同观点和个人经验的证据来支持每个论据。 （3）反驳论点 解决*强的反驳论点。读者在听到你的论点时会想到什么？ 这一部分应该列出 1-2 个*强的反驳论点，但大部分篇幅用于反驳这些观点，以解释为什么你的论点仍然更强。 我们建议在解释每个反驳论点后立即进行反驳，而不是列出所有反驳论点后再进行反驳。（4）结论 简短的 1-2 句来重申你的论点并总结。 4. 留出几分钟进行校对 LSAC 在提示中明确表示，他们希望学生“使用清晰且有效选择的语言来传达想法”。因此，在最后留出 3-5 分钟时间来阅读你的文章，查找可能的拼写、语法和句子结构改进。》》深入了解新版LSAT写作部分的范文示例LSAC 提供了一个范文示例提示来阐明这些变化，并让学生在新格式中进行一些练习。你可以在 LSAC 网站、LawHub来了解这个示例。Purpose of CollegeThe principal aim of an undergraduate liberal arts education has traditionally been to cultivate a student’s understanding of a broad range of important areas of knowledge, from the fine arts to the sciences, philosophy, language, economics—these things have been seen as crucial to understanding, and participating in, the larger world beyond the classroom. Some, however, believe that this kind of education has failed to provide students with the practical skills necessary to succeed in an increasingly competitive and career-focused society, suggesting we need to reconsider what university programs should look like. Such proposals are often framed as a pragmatic response to trends in the economy and predictions about the skills, knowledge, and training that will best serve students’ career readiness. Given this proposed shift in emphasis toward skills-based education, it’s worth considering what the overall goal of an undergraduate education should be.KEY QUESTION: To what extent do colleges and universities serve their students’ best interests when they emphasize career preparation?Read and carefully consider the following perspectives. Each suggests a particular way of thinking about the issue captured in the Key Question.Perspective 1 — an excerpt from a career advice blog“Recruiting talent for a variety of organizations across industries, I’ve witnessed how the demands of today’s job market make the cultivation of practical skills and specialized training more important than ever. If a student’s time at university is an investment that ought to prepare them for the future, then surely career readiness must factor highly into what such institutions aim to provide. Schools that recognize this and adapt will produce graduates who are better equipped to explore a wide array of career paths, and who can adapt to changing job roles within ever-evolving industries. That’s the way for today’s student to make a meaningful contribution to society—by being well-equipped to grow and change within an economic reality that is itself always growing and changing.”Perspective 2 — an excerpt from a university’s promotional brochure“In college, I began making my way through this world and crafting a life for myself that reflects my values. But what are my values, and how did I come to hold these values rather than others? Once I realized I didn’t have to unquestioningly accept the norms and values that had been given to me, I was free to decide for myself which values I wanted to hold on to, which to leave behind, and even which new values I felt drawn to. College provided the context in which I could reflect on my values, the reasons and evidence for them, and whether they are the right values for me. Would my classmates and I have been able to test out our ideas and ideals so effectively if my university was only focused on practical career skills? I don’t believe so—such work requires a dedicated exploration of ideas and knowledge for their own sake.”Perspective 3 — an excerpt from a textbook on the sociology of education“Across cultures, higher education has served primarily to aid the process of socialization by instilling cultural values, norms, and behaviors, thereby integrating people into the fabric of their respective societies. A university degree provides more than just those so-called ‘soft’ skills necessary for making white-collar work function smoothly, like interpersonal communication and teamwork. This emblem of accomplishment, the college degree, also provides a social signal that one is befitted to the upper-middle class, if not higher. By serving as class membership badges, undergraduate degrees perpetuate social stratification and hierarchies, with the result that access to opportunity is determined largely not by merit, but more so by one’s ability to conform to a particular set of values—in short, to ‘fit in.’ In this manner, college places subtle constraints on students that go far beyond the more well-known problem of financial barriers to access.”Perspective 4 — an excerpt from a journal on higher education“The traditional structure of higher education needs a transformative overhaul. The modern university has its origins in medieval schools, which stressed rote memorization and obedience to the centralized authority of teachers, reflecting the broader civic and political context of those schools. But in today’s world, we don’t accept such a rigid, top-down system in our civic and political life. We expect citizens to be agents in the evolution of their communities.Likewise, there’s no reason to accept it in our educational lives. Instead, we ought to honor the agency of students in orchestrating their own educational experience. Some colleges have begun to change in the right direction, emphasizing dialogue over monologue and problem-solving over sheer information retention. This new form of relationship between student and university is critical, where teachers collaborate with students to discover new truths together, where student learning is based on their own guided learning experiences, and where curricula are created around topics that engage students’ intrinsic motivation to learn. This moves us closer to creating the flourishing, diverse society we need.”Prewriting Analysis: Generating Ideas for Your Argumentative EssaySpend the remainder of your prewriting time working through the prewriting questions presented below. These questions are intended to help you think critically about the issue and generate productive ideas for your essay. Record your thoughts in your digital scratch paper by making notes or lists, or by writing short answers to the questions.Your notes in response to the prewriting questions will still be available to you while you write your essay, but they will not be evaluated or included as part of your essay. These questions are strictly provided to help guide your analysis of the perspectives and to help you develop your own argument in response to the Key Question.Prewriting QuestionsWhich perspective(s) do you find most compelling?What relevant insights do you see in the perspective(s)?What principles or values do you see at work in the perspective(s)?What strengths and weaknesses can you find in the perspective(s)?Your argument should incorporate or address ideas from at least one of the perspectives provided. In addition, your own knowledge, experiences, and personal values can be valid sources of evidence, and you can include these in your essay:What knowledge do you already have about this issue? Consider information you have read or heard, including things you’ve learned at home or school, etc.What values influence your position on this issue? Consider your worldview or belief system, as well as any guiding principles or convictions you hold.What experiences do you have that might be relevant to this issue? Consider any personal experience you might have with this or similar issues, or other relevant lessons learned from your own life.YOUR TASK: Write an argumentative essay in response to the Key Question.The various perspectives are presented to provide additional context for the issue and to give you ideas that you can react to or incorporate into your argument as you develop it. They also serve as a model for the types of arguments that various stakeholders are making as they debate the issue raised in the Key Question.Your essay must directly address ideas from one or more of the perspectives presented in the task. You do not need to address each of the perspectives—use your own judgment in deciding which ideas to address (and how many), based on what you believe will be most effective for developing your argument.Use the ideas generated during your prewriting analysis to help you create and develop your argument as you see fit. You may incorporate any knowledge or experiences you might have regarding this issue, your own values, and your critical evaluation of the arguments and ideas contained in the other perspectives. Your position may be in full agreement with any of the perspectives, in partial agreement, or completely different. Whatever the case, your position should be supported with logical arguments and detailed, persuasive examples.》》关于写作的常见问题1.如果我在之前的 LSAT 考试中已经完成过写作样本，我是否还必须参加 LSAT 写作考试？不需要。考生只需提交一份写作样本即可将其 LSAT 视为完整。2.我需要准备怎样的设备来参加LSAT写作？LSAT 写作需要一台运行 Windows 或 Mac OS 的台式机或笔记本电脑，该电脑配有网络摄像头、麦克风、仅一个连接的显示器和互联网连接。注意：LSAT Writing与移动设备、Chrome OS 或 Linux 不兼容。确保您对将要参加考试的计算机拥有管理权限。（这样您就可以下载所需的监考软件。）在启动 LSAT Writing 之前，请务必关闭所有不必要的应用程序。这包括禁用任何语法检查扩展程序（例如 Grammarly、Microsoft Editor 等）。请注意:其他监考软件应用程序可能会干扰或冲突ProctorU的远程监考软件。我们强烈建议禁用其他监考软件和/或扩展。特别是，如果安装了Proctorio扩展，请将其删除，因为ProctorU应用程序和Proctorio之间存在一个已知问题。完整的系统要求网址——https://support.proctoru.com/hc/en-us/articles/115011772748-Equipment-Requirements3.如何登陆参加LSAT写作部分？考生将使用其 LSAC JD 帐户的 LSAT 写作页面上提供的链接启动 LSAT 写作。该链接将在考生 LSAT 考试开始前八 (8) 天的 12:00 am (ET) 显示。LSAT 写作只能从考生帐户中提供的个性化链接启动。4.参加写作部分，需要什么身份证明？跟LSAT选择题部分要求一样，中国考试出示护照5.写作界面包含哪些功能？LSAT Writing 的界面提供：内置的、用户可调整的工具，例如逐步增加文本大小的功能和行距功能。高亮和下划线工具，可用于标记提示中的关键点。电子“草稿纸”，允许考生输入笔记，而不是将其写在实体的草稿纸上。此外，LSAT 写作文章中的拼写错误会根据网络浏览器的拼写检查功能加下划线。但是，考试环境中不提供替代拼写建议。为了熟悉 LSAT 写作界面和体验，我们鼓励考生探索可通过 LSAC LawHub ?免费获得的写作样本练习提示。6.考LSAT议论文应该用什么浏览器？ LSAT议论文写作必须使用Chrome浏览器。请注意，您需要下载一个Guardian扩展。 7.LSAT议论文写作过程中出现技术问题怎么办？请点击你的LSAC账户中的“重启”链接，尝试重启你的LSAT议论文写作。如果您仍然遇到问题，请使用屏幕右下角的图标通过聊天联系LSAC客户代表。我们的聊天功能在营业时间提供。您也可以发送电子邮件LSACinfo@LSAC.org或者致电1.800.336.3982，以便我们可以协助您重置您的LSAT议论文写作样本。您将收到新的提示。7.LSAT议论文写作是否有空格和字数限制？没有，建议不要担心你写作样本的长度，而是要专注于撰写一个写得好的、有说服力的、论点充分的回应。8.我的LSAT论证性写作样本何时可加入CAS报告？ 写作样本在完成、审核并批准后，将与您申请的法学院共享。多数情况下，LSAT论证性写作样本会在完成后一周内处理完毕，但建议考生预留*多三周的处理时间，以确保样本被纳入CAS报告。  9.LSAT论证性写作样本会被评分吗？ 不会。LSAT论证性写作样本不计分，但您必须完成该部分才能获得LSAT*。  法学院会阅读我的写作样本吗？ 大多数法学院要求LSAT论证性写作样本作为录取评估的重要组成部分，许多招生官表示其在候选人评估中具有参考价值。但各校对写作样本的具体使用政策可能有所不同。  10.所有写作样本都会提交给法学院吗？ 不会。LSAC（法学院招生委员会）*多将提交您最近三份五年内的有效写作样本。超过五年的样本不会被报告。 注意： 考生只需存档一份有效写作样本，其LSAT*即被视为完整。11.完成后能否查看我的写作样本？ 可以。考生在完成测试后可立即阅读自己的写作样本，但严禁对样本或“测试完成”界面拍照或截图。违反此规定可能导致写作样本被取消，并提交至“招生不当行为调查小组”处理，因为此时仍处于考试环节。  12.我的写作样本因违规被取消，会通知法学院吗？后续如何处理？ 多数情况下，被取消的写作样本不会报告给法学院。若因规则违规（如无效证件或房间扫描不完整）被取消，您将获得重考资格。但若涉及考试安全政策违规（如使用违禁电子设备），您可能被移交调查小组。若调查认定存在不当行为，相关报告将发送至您申请、未来申请或已入读的所有法学院。13.我无法登录我的ProctorU账户。我需要联系LSAC吗？不，首先请尝试重置您的ProctorU密码。请访问Proctor U账户，请求发送重置密码邮件。然后点击重置密码邮件中的链接，您将被提示设置新密码。使用新密码登录。14.写作开启前除了设备，还需要做哪些准备？在开始LSAT写作之前，请确保具备以下条件:(1)您的ProctorU用户名和密码，如果您现有帐户的电子邮件地址与您在LSAC使用的电子邮件地址相匹配。（如果您还没有ProctorU帐户，或者您现有帐户的电子邮件地址与您在LSAC使用的电子邮件地址不同，请在启动LSAT写作时选择“没有现有帐户”。)(2)中国考生需要带实体的有效期内的护照.(3)您的考试区域应该是一个安静且光线充足的空间，在这里您可以不受干扰地完成测试。请注意，透明玻璃墙不被视为私人房间的一部分，是被禁止的。房间里不应该再有其他电脑相关设备。(4)需要一个坚硬的工作台面和椅子。确保你的考试场所干净整洁，没有任何违禁物品。(5)为了获得成功的远程测试体验，拥有强大而稳定的互联网连接非常重要。您的考试空间允许的项目通常，您的桌面上必须没有任何与测试无关的东西，并且应该只有:纸巾有盖或帽的透明容器中的水。所有标签必须撕下。柔软、非电子、无绳/带、普通泡沫耳塞。在安检过程中，必须将所有这些物品举起并出示给监考人员。如果您在测试期间需要以下一种或多种个人医疗用品，您可以随身携带这些物品:无色眼镜、助听器、药物（例如药丸、吸入器、胰岛素/葡萄糖片、眼药水）、心脏监护仪、手臂或肩膀吊带、石膏、支架、手杖、拐杖、助行器、轮椅、胰岛素泵/血糖仪/糖尿病用品（注意:支持蓝牙的医疗设备必须作为测试设备）、服务动物（非舒适动物）。无需事先授权。包和印刷材料可能在房间内，但不应放在您的考试区内，并且在测试期间不得接触或使用。有关写作的其他问题，可以给小智留言，我们将尽力为你解答。当然你也可以在官方营业时间内给它发邮件或打电话——电子邮件: LSACinfo@LSAC.org电话: 1.800.336.3982工作时间:周一至周五:美国东部时间上午8:30至晚上8:00周六和周日:美国东部时间中午12点至下午4点以上就是关于LSAT写作的相关内容，还有其他问题可以扫码，添加小博微信询问。当然，想要更专业的准备LSAT写作部分，博智LSAT面授集训课程会有老师专门教授，欢迎大家来倾听！

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