举国移民！这个国家预计25年后将消失，8成居民报名“抽签逃生”...

在太平洋上，有一个国土面积仅26平方公里的袖珍岛国，由9个环形珊瑚岛群组成，2021年统计人口为1.1万人。它就是图瓦卢（Tuvalu），世界第四小的国家。由于地势极低，平均海拔不到2米。所以全球变暖、海平面上升，对它来说不是理论，是现实。预计2050年，图瓦卢大部分国土将被淹没。留给图瓦卢的时间不多了，据外媒报道，这个国家正在计划“举国移民”。官方数据显示，已有超过八成图瓦卢居民申请前往澳大利亚的气候签证，以寻求庇护。

世界“举国移民”计划正在启动。由于海平面持续上升，太平洋岛国图瓦卢可能在未来 25 年内被完全淹没，因此该国正在启动一项计划，将全国人口整体迁移至澳大利亚。

Tuvalu举国迁移到澳大利亚

Tuvalu is preparing to carry out the first planned migration of an entire country in response to the effects of climate change. Recent studies project that much of its territory could be submerged in the next 25 years due to rising sea levels, forcing its inhabitants to consider migration as an urgent survival measure.图瓦卢正准备实施全球因应气候变化而进行的“举国移民”计划。由于海平面上升，最新研究预测图瓦卢的大部分国土将在未来 25 年内被海水吞没，这使得移居成为当地居民迫在眉睫的生存选择。In the face of this existential threat, an unprecedented climate visa program has begun. In 2023, Tuvalu and Australia signed the Falepili Union Treaty, an agreement that provides for a migration scheme that will allow 280 Tuvaluans per year to settle in Australia as permanent residents.面对这场关乎生死存亡的危机，一项前所未有的“气候签证”项目已经启动。2023 年，图瓦卢与澳大利亚签署了《法莱皮利联盟条约》，根据该协议，澳大利亚每年将接收 280 名图瓦卢公民移居，并赋予他们永久居民身份。

Tuvalu八成人口申请气候签证

The visas will be allocated through a ballot system and will grant beneficiaries the same health, education, housing, and employment rights enjoyed by Australian citizens. In addition, Tuvaluans will retain the ability to return to their home country if conditions permit.图瓦卢正在推进一项“气候签证”计划，签证将通过抽签系统分配，中签者将享有与澳大利亚公民相同的医疗、教育、住房和就业等权利。此外，如果条件允许，图瓦卢人将能自由返回家园。The first stage of applications was open from June 16 to July 18. “We received extremely high levels of interest in the ballot with 8,750 registrations, which includes family members of primary registrants,” the Australian High Commission in Tuvalu said in a statement on July 23. The first cohort of 280 people will be drawn via a ballot on July 25, the high commission says.首轮申请已于6月16日至7月18日开放。澳大利亚驻图瓦卢高级专员公署7月23日发表声明表示：“抽签报名反响热烈，累计收到 8750 人登记，其中也包括主申请人的家属。”第一批280人将于7月25日通过抽签选出。

Tuvalu全球数字国家

The agreement with Australia is not the only action taken by Tuvalu in the face of the threat of disappearing. In 2022, the country launched an ambitious strategy to become the world’s first digital nation. This initiative includes 3D scanning its islands to digitally re-create them and preserve their cultural heritage, as well as moving government functions to a virtual environment. 面对“国土消失”的生存威胁，图瓦卢并未止步于与澳大利亚的迁徙协议。早在2022年，该国便启动了一项雄心勃勃的战略，计划打造“全球数字国家”。该计划包括对全境岛屿进行3D扫描，数字化重建其地理面貌与文化遗产，同时将政府功能逐步迁移至虚拟空间。In order to protect national identity and sovereignty, the project is also contemplating constitutional reforms to define the country as a virtual state, a concept already recognized by 25 countries, including Australia and New Zealand.为维护国家主权与身份认同，该项目还考虑进行宪法改革，将“虚拟国家”这一概念正式写入国家根本法。目前，已有包括澳大利亚、新西兰在内的25个国家承认这一构想。本期词汇：migration：移民，迁徙submerge： 使浸没; 淹没ballot：抽签决定registration：登记，注册3D scanning：三维扫描星标关注「沪江英语」每日为您推荐精华英语学习内容免费测评口语水平1V1定制口语提升方案0元获取

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