大家有没有碰到过这样的题目:看似很好理解,瞬间写满字数,最后却拿到一个远低于预期的分数。于是乎脑袋疼,极力反思自己的问题,总感觉每一个部分,每一个字,都是如此的合理“切题”。最后只能把锅甩给考官,
大家有没有碰到过这样的题目:看似很好理解,瞬间写满字数,却拿到一个远低于预期的分数。 于是乎脑袋疼,极力反思自己的问题,总感觉每一个部分,每一个字,都是如此的合理“切题”。只能把锅甩给考官,认为是他们故意压分。 其实,看似好写的题目,不一定好写。我们看似反复“扣题”,但内容上往往只是谈到了相关的内容,而非题目需要的角度。 如何让“擦边球”正中球门,不要让“立柱”神助攻,且听我黄健翔附体,为你激情解说。 1 首先,这类题目有 2 个共同特点: 1. 话题是常考话题 2. 内容有明确限定 比如: New technologies have changed the way children spend their free time. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?(20190214 ) 虽然科技类话题不能更常见老套了。但是,这个题目有具体限定到两个点,一个是 children,一个是 free time。 In most countries, prison is the most common solution for the problem of crime. However, the more effective solution is to provide people with better education so that they do not become criminals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?(20180303) 同样,犯罪类话题,包括关监狱这种刑罚的方式,都是非常常见的话题。但是,这个题目的限定于在,我们不应该泛泛而谈关监狱的优缺点,而是要对比 education 这种方法。 2 所以,我们擦网而过,遗憾失分,通常是因为: 1. 只切合了大话题 2. 选取了错误角度 比如第 2 个犯罪的题目,我们或许会偏题的想到下面的论点: 1. 建造和维护监狱比较贵; 2. 在监狱里面再教育更好; 3. 提供足够的就业机会可以减少人们犯罪动机。 大家会发现,上面的论点,都和题目完全“相关”,可是问题出在:没有切合到题目需要我们讨论的角度: 1. 监狱在题干中,已经是大多数国家采用的方法了,我们无需赘述这个方法本身的缺点。如果费用的问题那么突出,监狱的方式早就被取代了。 2. 题目中所教育的对象,是还没有犯罪的人,从根本上打消他们犯罪的动机。至于已经犯罪关进去的人,并不在本题考虑范围。 3. 题目重点讨论教育是否有效,至于其他方法是否也同样有效,不在本题讨论范围。这个和以前我们讨论过的含有词的题目不一样。如果题目说 education 是比较好的办法,我们才可以写一段,去提出其他同样可行的方法。 3 那么,如何避免离题的情况出现呢? 1. 确保论点包含所有关键词 2. 段末加一句话回扣到题目 比如: In most countries, prison is the most common solution for the problem of crime. However, the more effective solution is to provide people with better education so that they do not become criminals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?(20180303) 不够切题的论点 1:建造和维护监狱比较贵 修改建议:直接删掉 不够切题的论点 2:在监狱里面再教育更好 修改建议:监狱里面,通常很难真正改变一个人。二次犯罪率在很多国家都很高。并且把罪犯关在一起,增加他们彼此接触,可能加深他们的邪念。于此相比,事前教育,彻底让他们认清犯罪的后果,正确分辨是非,才能根治犯罪。 不够切题的论点 3:提供足够的就业机会可以减少人们犯罪动机 修改建议:通过教育,提升人们的就业技能,更容易找到工作,确保稳定收入来源,从而不犯罪。如果仅仅关监狱,那些没有能力的人,刑满后,通常会选择二次犯罪。 上面的修改版本,我的论点都是有明显的两者对比,教育的优点,是站在监狱的缺点上的,并不是孤立存在。 如果是反驳题目的论述,切题的观点是: 1. 不是所有的犯罪都是因为上面的原因,很多人也因为嫉妒仇恨等犯罪,这种人仅仅教育是不够的; 2. 还有些人为了刺激,知法犯法,只有关监狱的刑法,才足够严厉,产生极强的震慑效果。 把上面的第 2 个不够切题的论点进行英文示范: 误 It would be more beneficial if prisoners receive education in jails. This method effectively kills the boring and repetitive jail time, and by acquiring some skills in prison, the criminals are more likely to find a decent job after release. Potentially, the recidivism rate would be controlled. It is the legal education before any unlawful actions that can fundamentally tackle crime. This is because incarceration cannot rehabilitate the lawbreaker effectively in many countries, as evidenced by the high recidivism rate globally. Besides, locking up all social evils in the same place facilitates communication among them, contributing to the reinforcement of their antisocial instincts. In comparison, if they are fully aware of the consequence of their behaviors and have a clear and correct understanding of what actions are socially and legally acceptable, they would be much less likely to go astray. 修改后 又比如: New technologies have changed the way children spend their free time. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?(20190214) 不够切题的论点 1:技术发展让学习效率更高 错误点:提高学习效率,不是 free time 做的事情,需要扯到课余的时间安排。 修改建议:新技术在教育中普遍运用,学生课下可能会依赖不同技术手段,继续学习和与同学和老师互动。所以,课余时间,不仅仅是毫无目的的玩,可能会花更多时间复习笔记,扩展知识点。这对于孩子的学术发展有好处。 不够切题的论点 2:技术发展提供了更多的娱乐方式 错误点:这个针对孩子体现的不够明显,需要更加切合到,孩子更丰富的娱乐方式,会带来的好处或者坏处。 修改建议:技术发展提供了更多的娱乐方式。孩子往往更容易沉迷于各种电脑和手机游戏。相比于之前,他们有空的时候,更多出门和小伙伴去玩耍。现在长时间面对手机和电脑屏幕,极大损伤视力,影响人际交往能力。 把上面的第 1 个不够切题的论点进行英文示范: 误 The advance in technology improves learning efficiency. To be more specific, teachers can use high-tech devices such as projectors or simulators in the classroom to enable better comprehension of the knowledge. The advance in technology improves learning efficiency not only inside the classroom but more importantly outside the classroom. Students rely on computers and other portable devices to review the subject, submit coursework, and discuss academic issues with teachers and classmates effectively after school. In this way, their free time is no longer confined to aimless play in the community; instead, more chances are given for academic activities, which is definitely conducive to their improvement in scores and continuity of the learning process. 修改后 在今天描述的场景下,段末的总结句在有些时候是有必要性的。通过段末总结,强制性点题,确保每个论点都不跑。